1, judge the fault from the overall analysis, troubleshooting must be comprehensive.

Diesel engine systems, components, parts are closely related to each other, a system, a component or a component failure, will inevitably involve other system components or parts. Therefore, a fault phenomenon can not be viewed in isolation, it is necessary to analyze the causes of the fault as a whole and timely troubleshooting.

2, when searching for a diesel engine fault, reduce the demolition as far as possible.

When troubleshooting a diesel engine, it is not possible to disassemble its parts blindly. The structure, working principle and fault location of the diesel engine must be understood before disassembly. Only on the basis of scientific and careful analysis can it be disassembled.

For example, if a diesel engine fails to identify the cause of burning oil or which part is damaged and blindly removes the diesel engine parts, it will not only prolong the troubleshooting time, but also make the relative position of other parts change. Therefore, in troubleshooting diesel engine, it is necessary to determine which parts or systems to repair after the failure, to prevent blindly disorderly dry, otherwise sometimes not only did not solve the problem but other failures. The correct way is to remove diesel engine parts as little as possible when finding faults.

3, to find fault carefully, combined with seeing, listening, touching, sniffing, all-round inspection.

See: Observe the external characteristics of the diesel engine during operation, such as whether the exhaust pipe of Baotou northbound heavy truck fittings is abnormal, whether the oil color is normal, whether the fuel system is leaking, whether the cooling system and lubrication system are leaking or not, and whether there is any difference in the indicators of various meters of the diesel engine. Often, whether the nuts of the moving parts and the fixed parts are loose, whether the starting circuit of the diesel engine is broken, short circuit or incorrect wiring, etc.

Listening: It mainly listens to the abnormal sound of diesel engine in operation, such as whether the explosion sound of diesel engine in combustion chamber is even, whether the impact sound of piston, connecting rod and crankshaft is abnormal, whether the inlet and exhaust valve is abnormal in motion, whether the driving gear and the slave gear are in operation. Is there any abnormal noise during the turning process and whether the valve spring in the valve room is abnormal?

Touch: Check whether the temperature of the exhaust pipe is the same after the diesel engine starts, whether the temperature of the outer cylinder liner of the diesel engine is the same, whether the temperature of the upper water pipe and the lower water pipe of the pump fittings of Baotou North Bend Heavy Truck is the same, whether the temperature of the oil pipe or the oil shell is the same as the indication of the oil thermometer, whether the vibration of the body is abnormal, etc.

Smell: Diesel engine in the use of the process has a burning smell, such as whether the battery charged generator or regulator has a burning smell, battery charging circuit or starting control circuit whether there is burning smell, starter starter has a burning smell, etc.

4. Troubleshooting should be classified according to the five major systems and two components of the diesel engine.

The diesel engine is made up of two components and five systems. The two major components are fixed and relative motion components of diesel engine, such as cylinder head, cylinder block and cylinder liner of Baotou northbound heavy truck, while piston, connecting rod and crankshaft are relative motion components. The five major systems of diesel engines are:

(1) fuel system. Its function is to ensure that the diesel with certain pressure is sprayed into the combustion chamber regularly and quantitatively. If the fuel system of diesel engine fails, the diesel engine will appear such phenomena as insufficient power, unstable speed or abnormal exhaust smoke.

(2) lubrication system. Its function is to ensure a certain amount of lubricating oil and a certain pressure on the friction surface of the relative moving parts of the diesel engine. If the lubrication system of diesel engine has problems, the possibility of failure is generally very large, such as crankshaft "bearing tile" accident, cylinder liner "pulling cylinder" phenomenon, the economic loss is generally large.

(3) cooling system. Its role is to ensure that the quantitative cooling water cooling combustion chamber components and oil, so that the combustion chamber components and oil in the allowable temperature range. When the cooling system fails, the temperature of the diesel engine block will be too high, the water radiator will appear "boiling" phenomenon, and the cylinder gasket can be damaged when serious.

(4) distribution system. Its function is to open and close the intake and exhaust valve of each cylinder regularly, so as to make the combustion chamber intake sufficient, exhaust clean, and sealed well. When the valve system fails, the diesel engine usually suffers from insufficient power and abnormal exhaust smoke color.

(5) starting and charging system. Its function is to ensure normal start of diesel engine and normal charging of battery. When the starting and charging system fails, the diesel engine will be difficult to start or the battery can not be charged properly.

The two components and five systems of the diesel engine mentioned above, no matter which system or component fails, will cause the diesel engine not to work properly.