In the actual vehicle use, there will often be some error operations, often time error operation is easy to damage to the engine, the following one to illustrate several common error operations, these error operations are in reality.  

 Error operation 1: engine full load work, suddenly stop

 When the engine is working at full load, the instantaneous temperature can reach 1700 ℃. if the engine stops suddenly, the pump stops working, and the pump stops working. if the cylinder is in the expansion stroke, the in-cylinder temperature can reach to more than 700 degrees celsius. if the exhaust gas from the cylinder can not be removed, the piston of the cylinder will easily be melted locally. at the same time, the turbocharger bearing will burn. if the engine is started again, the piston will have a serious piston burning condition.  

 Solution

 The sudden stop of the engine during the full load operation should be avoided in daily use. if the engine malfunctions lead to sudden stop, the engine can rotate several times with the starter so as to reduce the temperature of the piston at the expansion stroke, eliminate the exhaust gas, avoid the appearance of the piston burning, and do not start the engine again until the engine is identified for the specific reason.  

 Error operation two: start the captain time low speed operation

 In reality, there are always kayou in the idling time idling engine, because the engine has no load, the whole engine operating temperature is relatively low, the lubrication condition of the engine is not very good, the oil pressure is low unfavorable to the formation of oil film, relative to increase the wear of the moving parts.  If the wear of the piston ring and the cylinder liner is too large, the oil will go up and go to the combustion chamber, which will lead to the blue smoke of the diesel engine, and the carbon will increase in the combustion chamber.  

 Solution

 We suggest that we reduce the running time of the engine at low speed, run not more than half an hour under idle condition, stop the flameout after 10 minutes or so, avoid the damage to the internal parts of the engine, and reduce unnecessary waste of diesel.  

 Error operation three: start the captain's time overload operation

 Start the captain time overload operation, will increase the burden of the cylinder parts, the engine operating temperature will also rise, prone to engine high temperature.  In this case, the gap of the moving parts in the engine is small, and the piston is subjected to the double action of high temperature stress and mechanical stress, which can easily lead to the piston fatigue ablation and cause the engine to cylinder.  

 Solution

 Try to avoid the diesel captain's time overload operation, so that the engine is in a reasonable load, not boring when climbing.  If the engine super operation under some special conditions, it is necessary to reduce the speed running for several minutes to reduce the engine temperature, which is conducive to prolong the service life of the engine.  

 Error operation four: the engine starts immediately after the full load operation

 In actual transportation, many kayou like to coax the accelerator after the engine is started, or to speed up after the vehicle is started.  In fact, the damage to the engine is very large, mainly because the engine at the beginning of the temperature is very low, the piston cylinder liner gap is very small, the oil temperature low did not play the maximum lubrication effect, immediately after starting to let the engine full load operation, it is easy to occur cylinder bore.  

 Solution

 After the engine starts, do not to go to the accelerator, and do not immediately enter the full load work, the correct operation method is to run after the engine start idle for a few minutes, let the engine have a preheating, winter time can be a little longer, engine operation for a period of time after exercise, after a period of time to gradually improve the Baotou north heavy truck parts engine load.  

 The quality is very important, the diesel oil and oil have great influence

 I oil issues

 Many drivers are wrong with the use of the oil, for example, some northeast winter is also using viscosity at 20w – 50 engine oil, this viscosity grades of oil in low temperature environment oil mobility is very poor, when the engine start, oil is not very high to provide lubrication, if the vehicle start after the full load work, it is easy to cause the engine cylinder scuffing.  

 The lower level of the oil is used, the engine requires the use of oil at the ch – 4 level, and the user is using the cf – 4 grade or even lower level engine oil, resulting in poor lubrication of the engine and accelerated cylinder wear, resulting in increased pressure on the crankcase exhaust gas, resulting in increased combustion of engine oil and carbon, resulting in the piston scuffing or burning.  

 Solution

 In the vehicle maintenance, attention should be paid to the selection of suitable viscosity oil according to the current seasonal temperature, such as northeast user summer can use the 15w – 40 oil, and the winter should use ′ – 30 oil, this viscosity oil has good low temperature fluidity, can let the engine has a good lubrication conditions.  

 At the same time, in the selection of oil, it should be noted that according to the vehicle instructions to select the appropriate level of oil, such as the specification for the use of the ch – 4 level, can choose the ch – 4 level or even a high level of ci – 4 grade oil, but must not use the level lower than the ch – 4 level of oil.  

 Ii. diesel oil

 The inferior diesel spray quality is poor after the injection, the oil particles are relatively large, the ignition delay of the engine will make the engine work become rough, even the situation of the cylinder.  The increase in the rear combustion of the engine will cause the temperature of the exhaust to rise, smoke and smoke the combustion chamber, the incomplete combustion part will be mixed with the cylinder wall oil, in the piston ring accumulation blocked the groove wall, accumulated to a certain degree will cause the piston ring card dead, damage the combustion chamber seal, leading to gas leakage.  The leakage of high temperature gas may burn the lubricating oil film on the cylinder wall, and make the lubrication of the piston worse, which will greatly increase the risk of cylinder scoring and piston burning.  

 In addition, the low quality diesel will contain a lot of impurities and moisture, in the spray will accelerate the fuel injector wear, fuel injector wear will appear after the injection accuracy is not accurate, it is known that the maximum can increase the fuel injection amount of 30 %, fuel injection quantity, diesel engine cylinder pressure becomes larger, more than the design allowance of the piston and cylinder, easy to appear the piston burning top, cylinder bore failure.  

 The low quality diesel will cause the internal valve assembly of the injector not to work properly. if there is a card stagnation, the valve assembly will be closed loose, the injector will appear oil drip, secondary injection, atomization bad, etc. the local temperature of the piston top product oil is too high, and the thermal stress increases to the piston ablation.  The spray nozzle is atomized and the drop of oil will cause the diesel engine to emit black smoke while working.  

 Solution

 In daily driving, install the high quality diesel oil of regular gas station to avoid the shortage of diesel oil.  At the same time, also to do regular replacement of the diesel filter, the purchase of the filter element must buy the original filter, and do regular water release, let the engine " drink" clean diesel.  If the fuel injector is unfortunate, it is necessary to go to the regular repair unit for professional maintenance.  

 Other factors can lead to failure

 1. piston quality problem

 If there are defects such as blowhole, loose, micro – crack, slag inclusion and so on in the casting, under the action of engine high temperature, these defects will become the fatigue source of the piston and damage the piston, the slag in the piston will melt first, and cause the piston burning.  

 Solution

 In the repair of vehicles, should choose Baotou north – run heavy truck accessories quality qualified piston, try to choose the original factory or quality guaranteed brand, avoid by all means inferior fake piston.  

 Ii. the oil cooling nozzle is blocked

 The oil cooling nozzle on the body injects oil cooling piston into the piston cavity in normal condition, once the oil cooling nozzle of a certain cylinder is blocked, the piston of this cylinder will heat up, which can easily lead to the piston burning top and even cylinder.  

 Solution

 If a cylinder is cylinder or piston burning, after removing other reasons, it is indicated that the engine oil cooling nozzle must be blocked or damaged.  The oil cooling nozzle needs to be replaced at the repair plant and the oil cooling nozzle must be calibrated using special tools.  

 The reason for the blockage of the oil cooling nozzle is that the oil quality is not good or contain impurities, so the quality of the better oil should be used in the maintenance, and also to replace the genuine oil filter element, filter the impurities in the oil, to prevent the oil cooling nozzle blocking or damage.  

 Third, the advance angle of oil supply is not correct

 The fuel injection advance angle of the engine, whether postponed or advanced, will lead to incomplete combustion of fuel, not only rough, but also easy to cause overheating of the diesel engine, resulting in cylinder or piston failure.  

 Solution

 If the engine is found to be rough, it should be the engine oil supply advance angle problem, need to professional maintenance unit to repair, restore the normal early angle.  

 Iv. the air temperature is high

 The intake air temperature of the engine is too high, resulting in the increase of air temperature into the cylinder, so that the engine overheating phenomenon, long working time will likely lead to cylinder or piston burning top failure.  

 Methods of liberation:

 Check whether the intake system of the engine is normal, especially the vehicle with charge air charge air cooler, check whether the inter cooler radiator has any sundries blocking the cooling capacity of the intercooler, and if the blockage is serious, wash and recover the heat dissipation capacity, and reduce the intake air temperature of the engine.  

 ● afterword:

 Through the above introduction, we can easily find that the cause of engine cylinder and piston burning is caused by improper use and maintenance.  If we can correct the use and maintenance of the engine in daily life, the probability of cylinder scoring and piston burning will be greatly reduced.  At the same time, we also want to choose the authentic accessories, the installation of certified diesel oil, to avoid the use of counterfeit parts, so that Baotou north heavy truck accessories engine operation better.